Reading Critically, Writing Well

Contents
Preface
Contents by Theme
Contents by Discipline
[* = New to this edition]

1   Academic Habits of Mind: From Reading Critically to Writing Well  
Joining the Academic Conversation
■ ACTIVITY 1: Exploring Your Habits of Mind
Ben Greenman, The Online Curiosity Killer
Arjun Shankar and Mariam Durrani, Curiosity and Education: A White Paper
Mario Livio, Curious, from Why? What Makes Us Curious? 
Susan Engel, The Case for Curiosity 
■ ACTIVITY 2: Honing Ideas through Discussion
■ ACTIVITY 3: Developing Your Rhetorical Sensitivity
■ ACTIVITY 4: Pulling It All Together
*Understanding Multimodality             
From Reading Critically to Writing Well
The Writing Process
One Student’s Writing Process
■ Brainstorming
■ Outlining
■ Peer Review Feedback
■ Instructor Feedback
■  Revised Outline 

2  A Catalog of Reading Strategies  
Annotating
Martin Luther King Jr., An Annotated Sample from “Letter from Birmingham Jail”
Taking Inventory
Outlining
Mapping
Summarizing
Paraphrasing
Skimming
Synthesizing
Analyzing Assumptions
Contextualizing
Exploring the Significance of Figurative Language
Analyzing Visuals
*Analyzing Data Visualizations
Looking for Patterns of Opposition
Reflecting on Challenges to Your Beliefs and Values
Comparing and Contrasting Related Readings
Lewis H. Van Dusen Jr., Legitimate Pressures and Illegitimate Results
Evaluating the Logic of an Argument
Recognizing Logical Fallacies
Recognizing Emotional Manipulation
Judging the Writer’s Credibility
Reading Like a Writer

3  Autobiography and literacy narratives      
Rhetorical Situations for Autobiographies and Literacy Narratives
■ THINKING ABOUT AUTOBIOGRAPHY and Literacy Narratives
A GUIDE TO READING AUTOBIOGRAPHY and literacy narratives
Annie Dillard, An American Childhood (Annotated Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
READINGS
David Sedaris, Me Talk Pretty One Day
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Molly Montgomery, Literacy Narrative: In Search of Dumplings and Dead Poets
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
*Elissa Washuta, Wednesday Addams Is Just Another Settler
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ COMBINING READING STRATEGIES: Contextualizing in Order to Reflect on Challenges to Your Beliefs and Values
Rhea Jameson, Mrs. Maxon (Student Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ WRITING TO LEARN AUTOBIOGRAPHY and Literacy Narratives
A GUIDE TO WRITING AUTOBIOGRAPHY and Literacy narratives
■ THE WRITING ASSIGNMENT
Writing Your Draft
Reviewing and Improving the Draft
A PEER REVIEW GUIDE
TROUBLESHOOTING YOUR DRAFT
■ REFLECTING ON AUTOBIOGRAPHY

4  Reflection      
Rhetorical Situations for Reflections
■ THINKING ABOUT REFLECTION
A GUIDE TO READING REFLECTIVE ESSAYS
Brent Staples, Black Men and Public Space (Annotated Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
READINGS
Jacqueline Woodson, The Pain of the Watermelon Joke
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Manuel Muñoz, Leave Your Name at the Border
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Maya Rupert, I, Wonder: Imagining a Black Wonder Woman
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Samantha Wright, Starving for Control (Student Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ COMBINING READING STRATEGIES: Comparing and Contrasting Related Readings to Recognize Emotional Manipulation
■ WRITING TO LEARN REFLECTION
A GUIDE TO WRITING REFLECTIVE ESSAYS
■ THE WRITING ASSIGNMENT
Writing Your Draft
Reviewing and Improving the Draft
A PEER REVIEW GUIDE
TROUBLESHOOTING YOUR DRAFT
■ REFLECTING ON REFLECTION

*5  Understanding Through Inquiry      
Rhetorical Situations for Inquiry-Driven Writing
■ THINKING ABOUT INQUIRY
A GUIDE TO READING: INQUIRY-DRIVEN WRITING
*Tyler Stiem, Statue Wars: What Should We Do with Troublesome Monuments? (Annotated Essay) 
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
READINGS
*Marion Winik, What Are Friends For?
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
*Angelica Puzio, Why Is There Such a Gender Gap in COVID-19 Vaccination Rates?
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like A Writer
*Alex Samuels, Juneteenth Challenges a Narrative about American History
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ COMBINING READING STRATEGIES: Contextualizing in Order to Compare and Contrast Related Readings
*Maya Gomez, Should Kidney Donors Be Compensated? (Student Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like A Writer
A Guide To Writing Inquiry-Driven Essays
The Writing Assignment
Writing Your Draft
Reviewing and Improving the Draft
A PEER REVIEW GUIDE
TROUBLESHOOTING YOUR DRAFT
■ REFLECTING ON OBSERVATION
           
6  Explaining Concepts
Rhetorical Situations for Concept Explanations
■ THINKING ABOUT CONCEPT EXPLANATION
A GUIDE TO READING CONCEPT EXPLANATIONS
Susan Cain, Shyness: Evolutionary Tactic? (Annotated Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
READINGS
John Tierney, Do You Suffer from Decision Fatigue?
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Jeff Howe, The Rise of Crowdsourcing
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ COMBINING READING STRATEGIES: Synthesizing Information from Sources to Support Claims and Provide Context
*Lesley Wexler and Jennifer K. Robbennolt, #MeToo and Restorative Justice
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
*Rosa Alexander, The Meme-ing of Trigger Warnings (Student Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ WRITING TO LEARN CONCEPT EXPLANATION
A GUIDE TO WRITING ESSAYS EXPLAINING CONCEPTS
■ THE WRITING ASSIGNMENT
Writing Your Draft
Reviewing and Improving the Draft
A PEER REVIEW GUIDE
TROUBLESHOOTING YOUR DRAFT
■ REFLECTING ON CONCEPT EXPLANATION

7  Evaluation
Rhetorical Situations for Evaluations
■ THINKING ABOUT EVALUATION
A GUIDE TO READING EVALUATIONS
Amitai Etzioni, Working at McDonald’s (Annotated Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
READINGS
Matthew Hertogs, Typing vs. Handwriting Notes: An Evaluation of the Effects of Transcription Method on Student Learning
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Ian Bogost, Brands Are Not Our Friends
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Christine Rosen, The Myth of Multitasking
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ COMBINING READING STRATEGIES: Comparing and Contrasting Related Readings to Judge a Writer’s Credibility
Christine Romano, Jessica Statsky’s “Children Need to Play, Not Compete”: An Evaluation (Student Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ WRITING TO LEARN EVALUATION
A GUIDE TO WRITING EVALUATIONS
■ THE WRITING ASSIGNMENT
Writing Your Draft
Reviewing and Improving the Draft
A PEER REVIEW GUIDE
TROUBLESHOOTING YOUR DRAFT
■ REFLECTING ON EVALUATION

8  Arguing for a Position
Rhetorical Situations for Position Arguments
■ THINKING ABOUT POSITION ARGUMENT
A GUIDE TO READING ESSAYS ARGUING FOR A POSITION
*David Wallace-Wells, People Don’t Trust Public-Health Experts Because Public-Health Experts Don’t Trust People (Annotated Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
READINGS
*Scott Nolen, The Seatbelt  Approach to the Opioid Crisis
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
*Samantha Allen, The Rainbow Will Always Mean Pride
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Daniel J. Solove, Why Privacy Matters Even If You Have “Nothing to Hide”
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Jessica Statsky, Children Need to Play, Not Compete (Student Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ COMBINING READING STRATEGIES: Comparing and Contrasting to Analyze Visuals
■ WRITING TO LEARN POSITION ARGUMENT
A GUIDE TO WRITING POSITION ARGUMENTS
■ THE WRITING ASSIGNMENT
Writing Your Draft
Reviewing and Improving the Draft
A PEER REVIEW GUIDE
TROUBLESHOOTING YOUR DRAFT
■ REFLECTING ON POSITION ARGUMENT

9  Speculating About Causes or Effects
Rhetorical Situations for Speculating about Causes or Effects
■ THINKING ABOUT SPECULATIONS ABOUT CAUSES OR EFFECTS
A GUIDE TO READING ESSAYS SPECULATING ABOUT CAUSES OR EFFECTS
*Kim Wong-Shing, How Horror Movies Can Help Mental Health, According to Science (Annotated Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
READINGS
Anna Maria Barry-Jester, Patterns of Death in the South Still Show the Outlines of Slavery
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
C Thi Nguyen, Escape the Echo Chamber
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Nicholas Carr, Is Google Making Us Stupid?
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ COMBINING READING STRATEGIES: Contextualizing in Order to Analyze Visuals
Clayton Pangelinan, #socialnetworking: Why It’s Really So Popular (Student Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ WRITING TO LEARN SPECULATIONS ABOUT CAUSES OR EFFECTS
A GUIDE TO WRITING ESSAYS SPECULATING ABOUT CAUSES OR EFFECTS
■ THE WRITING ASSIGNMENT
Writing Your Draft
Reviewing and Improving the Draft
A PEER REVIEW GUIDE
TROUBLESHOOTING YOUR DRAFT
■ REFLECTING ON SPECULATIONS ABOUT CAUSES OR EFFECTS

10  Proposal to Solve a Problem
Rhetorical Situations for Proposals
■ THINKING ABOUT PROPOSALS
A GUIDE TO READING PROPOSALS
Alice Wong, The Last Straw (Annotated Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
READINGS
Maryanne Wolf, Skim Reading Is the New Normal
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ COMBINING READING STRATEGIES: Looking for Patterns of Opposition to Analyze Assumptions
*Ben Miller, Graduate School Debt
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
Neva Goodwin, Meaningful Work — A Radical Proposal
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
*Patrick O’Malley, More Testing, More Learning (Annotated Student Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer
■ WRITING TO LEARN PROPOSALS
A GUIDE TO WRITING PROPOSALS
■ THE WRITING ASSIGNMENT
Writing Your Draft
Reviewing and Improving the Draft
A PEER REVIEW GUIDE
TROUBLESHOOTING YOUR DRAFT
■ REFLECTING ON PROPOSALS TO SOLVE A PROBLEM

11 Multi-Genre Writing: Pulling It All Together     
Rhetorical Situations for Multi-Genre Writing
■ THINKING ABOUT multi-genre writing
A GUIDE TO READING multi-genre essays
Atul Gawande, The Heroism of Incremental Care
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer: Explaining Concepts
Reading Like a Writer: Reflection
Reading Like a Writer: Arguing for a Position
Reading Like a Writer: The Rhetorical Situation in Multi-Genre Writing
READINGS
Wesley Morris, Who Gets to Decide What Belongs in the “Canon”?
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer: Speculating about Causes and Effects
Reading Like a Writer: The Rhetorical Situation in Multi-Genre Writing
Tajja Isen, How Can We Expand the Way We Write about Our Identities?
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer: Proposal to Solve a Problem
Reading Like a Writer: The Rhetorical Situation in Multi-Genre Writing
*Laura Beth Nielsen, The Case for Restricting Hate Speech
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer: Evaluation
Reading Like a Writer: The Rhetorical Situation in Multi-Genre Writing
Aru Terbor, A Deeper Look at Empathetic and Altruistic Behavior (Student Essay)
Reading for Meaning
Reading Like a Writer: Arguing for a Position
Reading Like a Writer: The Rhetorical Situation in Multi-Genre Writing
■ WRITING TO LEARN Multi-Genre Essays
A GUIDE TO WRITING multi-genre essays
■ THE WRITING ASSIGNMENT
Writing Your Draft
Reviewing and Improving the Draft
A PEER REVIEW GUIDE
TROUBLESHOOTING YOUR DRAFT
■ REFLECTING ON WRITING MULTI-GENRE ESSAYS

12  Strategies for Research and Documentation
PLANNING A RESEARCH PROJECT
Analyzing Your Rhetorical Situation and Setting a Schedule
Choosing a Topic and Getting an Overview
Focusing Your Topic and Drafting Research Questions
Establishing a Research Log
Creating a Working Bibliography
Annotating Your Working Bibliography
Taking Notes on Your Sources
FINDING SOURCES
Searching Library Catalogs and Databases
Searching for Government Documents and Statistical Information
Searching for Websites and Interactive Sources
CONDUCTING FIELD RESEARCH
Conducting Observational Studies
Conducting Interviews
Conducting Surveys
EVALUATING SOURCES
Choosing Relevant Sources
Choosing Credible Sources
USING SOURCES
Synthesizing Sources
Acknowledging Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism
Using Information from Sources to Support Your Claims
CITING AND DOCUMENTING SOURCES IN MLA Style
Using In-Text Citations
■ DIRECTORY TO IN-TEXT CITATION MODELS
Creating a List of Works Cited
■ DIRECTORY TO WORKS-CITED-LIST MODELS
CITING AND DOCUMENTING SOURCES IN APA Style
Using In-Text Citations
■ DIRECTORY TO IN-TEXT CITATION MODELS
Creating a List of References
■ DIRECTORY TO REFERENCE-LIST MODELS

Index to Methods of Development
Index of Authors, Titles, and Terms