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Worlds of History, Volume 2

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Seventh  Edition©2020  Kevin Reilly

ISBN:9781319221508

ISBN:9781319221454

About

A cross-cultural journey through world history

Learn how to critically and independently think about historical events and make multicultural comparisons as you read and analyze fascinating primary and secondary sources. Thoughtfully compiled by a distinguished world historian, each chapter presents a wide array of primary and secondary sources arranged around a major theme — such as universal religions, the environment and technology, gender and family — across two or more cultures, along with pedagogy that will help you develop the ability to analyze and interpret sources.

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Table of Contents

Contents

Preface

Introduction

Geographic Contents

15. Overseas Expansion in the Early Modern Period: Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas, 1400-1600

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Reading Primary and Secondary Sources

1. Mara Hvistendahl, Rebuilding a Treasure Ship, 2008

2. Ma Huan, On Calicut, India, 1433

3. Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama, 1498

4. Christopher Columbus, Letter to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, 1493

5. Edmund S. Morgan, Columbus’ Confusion About the New World, 2009

Reflections

16. Atlantic World Encounters: Europeans, Americans, and Africans, 1500-1850

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Comparing Primary Sources

1. Bernal Díaz, The Conquest of New Spain, c. 1560

2. The Broken Spears: The Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico, c. 1540s

3. European Views of Native Americans, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

4. Nzinga Mbemba, Appeal to the King of Portugal, 1526

5. Captain Thomas Phillips, Buying Slaves in 1693

6. J. B. Romaigne, Journal of a Slave Ship Voyage, 1819

7. Images of African-American Slavery, Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

Buying Slaves in Africa, Late 1700s or Early 1800s

Plantation Work, Martinique, 1826

Slave Market, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1830s

Slaves Awaiting Sale, New Orleans, 1861

8. Venture Smith, Life and Adventures, 1798

9. Sojourner Truth, Narrative of Sojourner Truth, 1850, 1875

Reflections

17. Women, Marriage, and Family: China and Europe, 1550-1700

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Making Comparisons

1. Qing Law Code on Marriage, 1644-1810

2. Pu Songling, The Lady Knight Errant, 1679

3. Anna Bijns, "Unyoked Is Best! Happy the Woman without a Man," 1567

4. A European Family from Flanders, c. 1610

5. A Chinese Family, Eighteenth Century

6. The Autobiography of Mrs. Alice Thornton, 1645-1657

7. Diary of the Countess de Rochefort, 1689

8. Court Case on Marriage in High Court of Aix, 1689

9. Mary Jo Maynes and Ann Waltner, Women and Marriage in Europe and China, 2001

Reflections

18. The Scientific Revolution: Europe, the Ottoman Empire, China, Japan, and the Americas, 1600-1800

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Distinguishing Change from Revolution

1. Images of Anatomy, Fourteenth and Sixteenth Centuries

Skeleton Drawing, from the Latin Munich MS Codex, fourteenth century

Woodcut of a Skeleton, from Vesalius, De humani corporis fabrica, 1543

2. Francis Bacon, The New Organon or True Directions Concerning the Interpretation of Nature, 1620

3. Roger Coates, Preface to Newton’s Principia, 1729

4. Bonnie S. Anderson and Judith P. Zinsser, Women and Science, 1988

5. Image of Anatomy in China, Early Eighteenth Century

6. Lady Mary Wortley Montague, Letter on Turkish Smallpox Inoculation, 1717

7. Lynda Norene Shaffer, China, Technology, and Change, 1986-1987

8. Sugita Gempaku, A Dutch Anatomy Lesson in Japan, 1771

9. Benjamin Franklin, Letter on a Balloon Experiment in 1783

Reflections

19. Enlightenment and Revolution: Europe and the Americas, 1650-1850

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Close Reading and Interpretation of Texts

1. David Hume, On Miracles, 1748

2. Jean Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract, 1762

3. The American Declaration of Independence, 1776

4. Abigail Adams and John Adams, Remember the Ladies, 1776

5. The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, 1789

6. Olympia de Gouges, French Declaration of Rights for Women, 1791

7. Toussaint L’Ouverture, Letter to the Directory, 1797

8. Simón Bolívar, Reply of a South American to a Gentleman of this Island (Jamaica),

1815

Reflections

20. Capitalism and the Industrial Revolution: Europe and the World, 1750-1900

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Distinguishing Historical Processes

1. Arnold Pacey, Asia and the Industrial Revolution, 1990

2. Abu Talib Khan, Science of Mechanics in England, 1810

3. Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, 1776

4. The Sadler Report of the House of Commons, 1832

5. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto, 18486. Serge Witte, Secret Memo to Nicholas II, 1899

7. Mary Antin, The Promised Land, 1894/1912

8. Italians in Two Worlds: An Immigrant’s Letters from Argentina, 1901

Reflections

21. Colonized and Colonizers: Europeans in Africa and Asia, 1850-1930

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Using Literature in History

1. George Alfred Henty, With Clive in India: Or, the Beginnings of an Empire, 1884

2. Olive Schreiner, Trooper Peter Halket of Mashonaland, 1897

3. René Maran, Batouala, 1921

4. E.M. Foster, A Passage to India, 1924

5. George Orwell, Burmese Days, 1934

6. R.K. Narayan, Waiting for the Mahatma, 1955

7. Bui Hen, Jealousy, [[DATE TK]]

Reflections

22. Westernization and Nationalism: Japan, India, and the West, 1820–1939

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Appreciating Contradictions

1. Fukuzawa Yukichi, Good-bye Asia, 1885

2. Images from Japan: Views of Westernization, Late Nineteenth Century

Monkey Show Dressing Room

The Exotic White Man

3. Kakuzo Okakura, The Ideals of the East, 1904

4. Rammohun Roy, Letter on Indian Education, 1823

5. Thomas Babington Macaulay, Minute on Indian Education, 1835

6. Mohandas K. Gandhi, Hind Swaraj, 1921

7. Jawaharlal Nehru, Gandhi, 1936

Reflections

23. World War I and Its Consequences: Europe and the World, 1914-1920

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Understanding Causes and Consequences

1. The "Willy-Nicky" Telegrams, 1914

2. World War I Propaganda Posters, 1915-1918

Recruiting Poster for U.S. Army, 1917

Recruiting Poster for German Army, 1915-1916

French War Bond Poster, 1900

Propaganda Poster, United States, 1917-1918

Poster recruiting women to munitions jobs, date TK

Poster using mother and children to evoke emotion, date TK

German poster using mother and children for emotional appeal, date TK

3. Wilfred Owen, Dulce et Decorum Est, 1917

4. Memories of Senegalese Soldiers, 1914-1918/1981-1999

5. Zimmermann Telegram, 1917

6. V.I. Lenin, War and Revolution, 1917

7. Rosa Luxemburg, The Problem of Dictatorship, 1918

8. Syrian Congress Memorandum, 1919

9. Algemeen Handelsblad Editorial on the Treaty of Versailles, June 1919

Reflections

24. World War II and Mass Killing: Germany, the Soviet Union, Japan, and the United States, 1926-1945

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Empathetic Understanding

1. Benito Mussolini, The Doctrine of Fascism, 1932

2. Adolph Hitler, Mein Kampf, 1926

3. Heinrich Himmler, Speech to the SS, 1943

4. Rudolf Hoess, Testimony at Nuremburg, 1946

5. Timothy Snyder, Holocaust: The Ignored Reality, 2009

6. Dr. Robert Wilson, Letters from Nanking, 1937-1938

7. Akihiro Takahashi, Memory of Hiroshima, 1945/1986

Reflections

25. The Cold War and the Third World: Vietnam, Cuba, the Congo, and Afghanistan, 1945-1989

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Detecting Ideological Language

1. Winston Churchill, Iron Curtain Speech, 1946

2. Telegram from Nikolai Novikov, Soviet Ambassador to the U.S., to the Soviet Leadership,

September 27, 1946

3. The Vietnamese Declaration of Independence, 1945

4. Edward Lansdale, Report on CIA Operations in Vietnam, 1954-1955

5. Roger Cranse, Baguettes and the Forever War, 2018

6. Patrice Lumumba, Interview with Russian News Agency TASS, July 1960

7. United States Summary of Congo Crisis, December 1960

8. Soviet Telegram on Cuba, September 7, 1962

9. Telephone Transcript: Soviet Premier and Afghan Prime Minister, 1979

Reflections

26. New Democracy Movements: The World, 1977 to the Present

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Finding Connections and Context

1. Hebe de Bonafini and Matilde Sánchez, The Madwomen at the Plaza de Mayo,

1977/2002

2 Mikhail Gorbachev, Perestroika and Glasnost, 2

3. George W. Bush, Remarks at the 20th Anniversary of the National Endowment for Democracy, 2003

4. Osama bin Laden, Letter to America, 2002

5. Hagai El-Ad, "Israel’s Charade of Democracy," 2015

6 Occupy Wall Street, 2011

7. Javier C. Hernandez, Chinese Leaders Confront an Unlikely Foe: Ardent Young Communist, 2018

Reflections

27. Global Warming and Climate Change, The World, 1990 to the Present

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Keeping the Individual in the Global

1. Ian Sample, Arrhenius: the father of climate change in 1896, 2005

2. Margaret Thatcher, Speech to the United Nations on Global Environment, 1989

3. John H. Cushman, Jr., Harvard Study Finds Exxon Misled Public about Climate Change,

2017

4. Pope Francis, On Care for Our Common Home, 2015

5. Naomi Klein, "How Science is Telling Us All to Revolt," 2013

Reflections

28. Globalization, The World, 1990 to the Present

Historical Context

Thinking Historically: Understanding Process

1. Sherif Hetata, Dollarization, 1998

2. Philippe Legrain, Cultural Globalization is Not Americanization, 2003

3. Miriam Ching Yoon Louie, Sweatshop Warriors: Immigrant Women Workers Take On the Global Factory, 2001

4. Justin Sandefur, Is the Elephant Graph Flattening Out? 2018

5. Neil Irwin, Globalization’s Backlash Is Here, at Just the Wrong Time, 2018

6. Cartoons on Globalization, 2s

"Inequality SeeSaw" date TK

Global imbalance of water use date TK

"Attention Q-Mart Shoppers" date TK

"You Undocumented Workers Have to Leave." date TK

"I Don’t Mean to Hurry You." date TK

Reflections

LIST OF MAPS

Map 15.1 Chinese Naval Expeditions, 1405–1433

Map 15.2 European Overseas Exploration, 1430s–1530s

Map 15.3 Columbus’s First Voyage, 1492–1493

Map 16.1 The Atlantic Slave Trade

Map 19.1 Latin American Independence, 1804-1830

Map 21.1 European Colonialism in Africa and Asia,

1880-1914

Map 23.1 Allied Power and Central Powers in World War I

Map 24.1 Eastern Europe, c. 1942

Kevin Reilly

Kevin Reilly is a professor of humanities at Raritan Valley College and has taught at Rutgers, Columbia, and Princeton Universities. Cofounder and first president of the World History Association, Reilly has written numerous articles on the teaching of history, and has edited a number of works in world history including The Introductory History Course for the AHA and the World History syllabus collection. A specialist in immigration history, Reilly incorporated his research in creating the "Modern Global Migrations" globe at Ellis Island. His work on the history of racism led to the editing of Racism: A Global Reader. He was a Fulbright scholar in Brazil and Jordan and a NEH fellow in Greece, Oxford UK, and India. Awards include the Community College Humanities Association’s Distinguished Educator of the Year and the World History Associations Pioneer Award. He has also served the American Historical Association in various capacities, including the governing Council. He is currently writing a global history of racism.