United States
Living By Chemistry
First Edition©2012 Angelica M. Stacy
Living By Chemistry is a full-year high school curriculum that incorporates science practices with a guided-inquiry approach. By encouraging students to ask questions and teaching them to collect evidence, students learn how to think like scientists.
Table of Contents
UNIT 1 Alchemy: Matter, Atomic Structure,and Bonding
SECTION I Defining Matter
Lesson 1 Tools of the Trade: Lab Equipment and Safety
Demo A Penny for Your Thoughts
Lesson 2 A Penny for Your Thoughts: Introduction to Chemistry
Lesson 3 What’s the Matter?: Defi ning Matter
Lesson 4 Mass Communication: Mass and Volume
Lesson 5 All That Glitters: Density
Section I Summary
SECTION II Basic Building Materials
Lesson 6 A New Language: Chemical Names and Symbols
Lab The Copper Cycle
Lesson 7 Now You See It: The Copper Cycle
Lesson 8 What Goes Around Comes Around: Conservation of Matter
Activity Create a Table
Lesson 9 Create a Table: Properties of the Elements
Lesson 10 Breaking the Code: The Periodic Table
Section II Summary
Project Element Profile
SECTION III A World of Particles
Lesson 11 Atomic Pudding: Models of the Atom
Lesson 12 Atoms By Numbers: Atomic Number and Atomic Mass
Lesson 13 Subatomic Heavyweights: Isotopes
Lesson 14 Isotopia: Stable and Radioactive Isotopes
Activity Nuclear Quest
Lesson 15 Nuclear Quest: Nuclear Reactions
Lesson 16 Old Gold: Formation of Elements
Section III Summary
Project Nuclear Power
SECTION IV Moving Electrons
Lab Flame Tests
Lesson 17 Technicolor Atoms: Flame Tests
Lesson 18 Life on the Edge: Valence and Core Electrons
Lesson 19 Noble Gas Envy: Ions
Lesson 20 Getting Connected: Ionic Compounds
Activity Salty Eights
Lesson 21 Salty Eights: Formulas for Ionic Compounds
Lesson 22 Isn’t It Ionic?: Polyatomic Ions
Lesson 23 Alchemy of Paint: Transition Metal Chemistry
Lesson 24 Shell Game: Electron Confi gurations
Section IV Summary
SECTION V Building With Matter
Lab Classifying Substances
Lesson 25 You Light Up My Life: Classifying Substances
Lesson 26 Electron Glue: Bonding
Lab Electroplating Metals
Lesson 27 Electrons on the Move: Electroplating Metals
Section V Summary
UNIT 1 Review
UNIT 2 Smells: Molecular Structure and Properties
SECTION I Speaking of Molecules
Lesson 1 Sniffi ng Around: Molecular Formulas
Lesson 2 Molecules in Two Dimensions: Structural Formulas
Lesson 3 HONC if You Like Molecules: Bonding Tendencies
Activity Connect the Dots
Lesson 4 Connect the Dots: Lewis Dot Symbols
Lesson 5 Eight Is Enough: Octet Rule
Lesson 6 Where’s the Fun?: Functional Groups
Lab Ester Synthesis
Lesson 7 Create a Smell: Ester Synthesis
Lesson 8 Making Scents: Analyzing Ester Synthesis
Section I Summary
Project Functional Groups
SECTION II Building Molecules
Lesson 9 New Smells, New Ideas: Ball-and-Stick Models
Activity Two’s Company
Lesson 10 Two’s Company: Electron Domains
Lesson 11 Let’s Build It: Molecular Shape
Lesson 12 What Shape Is That Smell?: Space-Filling Models
Lesson 13 Sorting It Out: Shape and Smell
Lesson 14 How Does the Nose Know?: Receptor Site Theory
Section II Summary
Project Other Smell Classifi cations
SECTION III Molecules in Action
Lab Attractions Between Molecules
Lesson 15 Attractive Molecules: Attractions Between Molecules
Lesson 16 Polar Bears and Penguins: Electronegativity and Polarity
Lesson 17 Thinking (Electro)Negatively: Electronegativity Scale
Lesson 18 I Can Relate: Polar Molecules and Smell
Lesson 19 Sniffi ng It Out: Phase, Size, Polarity, and Smell
Section III Summary
Project Sense of Smell Study
SECTION IV Molecules in the Body
Lesson 20 Mirror, Mirror: Mirror-Image Isomers
Lesson 21 Protein Origami: Amino Acids and Proteins
Section IV Summary
Project Modeling a Receptor Site
UNIT 2 Review
UNIT 3 Weather: Phase Changes and Behavior of Gases
SECTION I Physically Changing Matter
Lesson 1 Weather or Not: Weather Science
Lesson 2 Raindrops Keep Falling: Measuring Liquids
Lesson 3 Having a Meltdown: Density of Liquids and Solids
Lab Thermometers
Lesson 4 Hot Enough: Thermometers
Lesson 5 Absolute Zero: Kelvin Scale
Lesson 6 Sorry, Charlie: Charles’s Law
Activity Density, Temperature, and Fronts
Lesson 7 Front and Center: Density, Temperature, and Fronts
Section I Summary 2
Project Different Thermometers
SECTION II Pressing Matter
Lesson 8 It’s Sublime: Gas Density
Lesson 9 Air Force: Air Pressure
Lab Boyle’s Law
Lesson 10 Feeling Under Pressure: Boyle’s Law
Lesson 11 Egg in a Bottle: Gay-Lussac’s Law
Lesson 12 Be the Molecule: Molecular View of Pressure
Lesson 13 What Goes Up: Combined Gas Law
Lab High and Low Air Pressure 316
Lesson 14 Cloud in a Bottle: High and Low Air Pressure
Section II Summary
Project High and Low Pressure
SECTION III Concentrating Matter
Lesson 15 n Is for Number: Pressure and Number Density
Lesson 16 STP: The Mole and Avogadro’s Law
Lesson 17 Take a Breath: Ideal Gas Law
Lesson 18 Feeling Humid: Humidity, Condensation
Lesson 19 Hurricane!: Extreme Physical Change
Section III Summary
Project Global Climate Change
UNIT 3 Review
UNIT 4 Toxins: Stoichiometry, Solution Chemistry, and Acids and Bases
SECTION I Toxic Changes
Lesson 1 Toxic Reactions: Chemical Equations
Lesson 2 Making Predictions: Observing Change
Lesson 3 Spare Change: Physical Versus Chemical Change
Lesson 4 Some Things Never Change: Conservation of Mass
Lesson 5 Atom Inventory: Balancing Chemical Equations
Lesson 6 What’s Your Reaction?: Types of Reactions
Section I Summary
Project Toxins in the Environment
SECTION II Measuring Toxins
Lesson 7 Lethal Dose: Toxicity
Activity Counting by Weighing
Lesson 8 Make It Count: Counting by Weighing
Lesson 9 Billions and Billions: Avogadro’s Number
Lesson 10 What’s in a Mole?: Molar Mass
Lesson 11 Mountains Into Molehills: Mass-Mole Conversions
Lesson 12 How Sweet It Is: Comparing Amounts
Section II Summary
Project Lethal Dose of a Toxic Substance
SECTION III Toxins in Solution
Lab Solution Concentration
Lesson 13 Bearly Alive: Solution Concentration
Lesson 14 Drop In: Molecular Views
Lesson 15 Holey Moley: Preparing Solutions
Lesson 16 Is It Toxic?: Mystery Solutions
Section III Summary
Project Types of Bonding
SECTION IV Acidic Toxins
Lab Acids and Bases
Lesson 17 Heartburn: Acids and Bases
Lesson 18 Pass the Proton: Acid-Base Theories
Lesson 19 pHooey!:
Lesson 20 Watered Down: Dilution
Lab Neutralization Reactions
Lesson 21 Neutral Territory: Neutralization Reactions
Lesson 22 Drip Drop: Titration
Section IV Summary
Project Dissolving Toxins
SECTION V Toxic Cleanup
Lesson 23 Solid Evidence: Precipitation Reactions
Lab Mole Ratios
Lesson 24 Mole to Mole: Mole Ratios
Lesson 25 Mole Tunnel: Stoichiometry
Lesson 26 Get the Lead Out: Limiting Reactant and Percent Yield
Section V Summary
Project Removing Toxins
UNIT 4 Review
UNIT 5 Fire: Energy, Thermodynamics, and Oxidation-Reduction
SECTION I Observing Energy
Lesson 1 Fired Up!: Energy Changes
Lesson 2 Not So Hot: Exothermic and Endothermic
Lesson 3 Point of View: First and Second Laws
Lab Heat Transfer
Lesson 4 Heat Versus Temperature: Heat Transfer
Lesson 5 The Heat Is On: Specifi c Heat Capacity
Lesson 6 Where’s the Heat?: Heat and Phase Changes
Section I Summary
Project Uses of Fire
SECTION II Measuring Energy
Lesson 7 You’re Fired!: Combustion
Lab Calorimetry
Lesson 8 Now We’re Cooking: Calorimetry
Lesson 9 Counting Calories: Calorimetry Calculations
Lesson 10 Fuelish Choices: Heat of Combustion
Section II Summary
SECTION III Understanding Energy
Activity Make It or Break It
Lesson 11 Make It or Break It: Bond Energy
Lesson 12 Over the Hill: Reversing Reactions
Lesson 13 Speed Things Up: Rate of Reaction
Lesson 14 Make It Work: Work
Section III Summary
Project Uses of Fire
SECTION IV Controlling Energy
Lesson 15 Metal Magic: Oxidation
Lesson 16 Pumping Iron: Heat of Formation
Lesson 17 Electron Cravings: Oxidation-Reduction
Lesson 18 The Active Life: Activity of Metals
Lab Electrochemical Cell
Lesson 19 Current Events: Electrochemical Cell
Section IV Summary
Project Alternative Energy
UNIT 5 Review
UNIT 6 Showtime: Reversible Reactions and Chemical Equilibrium
SECTION I Chemical Equilibrium
Lesson 1 How Awesome: Chemical Demonstrations
Lab Reversible Reactions
Lesson 2 How Backward: Reversible Reactions
Lesson 3 How Dynamic: Dynamic Equilibrium
Lesson 4 How Favorable: Equilibrium Constant K
Lesson 5 How Balanced: Equilibrium Calculations
Section I Summary
Project Chemistry and Magic
SECTION II Changing Conditions at Equilibrium
Lesson 6 How Pushy: Le Châtelier’s Principle
Lab Applying Le Châtelier’s Principle
Lesson 7 How Colorful: Applying Le Châtelier’s Principle
Section II Summary
Project It’s Showtime!
UNIT 6 Review
SECTION I Defining Matter
Lesson 1 Tools of the Trade: Lab Equipment and Safety
Demo A Penny for Your Thoughts
Lesson 2 A Penny for Your Thoughts: Introduction to Chemistry
Lesson 3 What’s the Matter?: Defi ning Matter
Lesson 4 Mass Communication: Mass and Volume
Lesson 5 All That Glitters: Density
Section I Summary
SECTION II Basic Building Materials
Lesson 6 A New Language: Chemical Names and Symbols
Lab The Copper Cycle
Lesson 7 Now You See It: The Copper Cycle
Lesson 8 What Goes Around Comes Around: Conservation of Matter
Activity Create a Table
Lesson 9 Create a Table: Properties of the Elements
Lesson 10 Breaking the Code: The Periodic Table
Section II Summary
Project Element Profile
SECTION III A World of Particles
Lesson 11 Atomic Pudding: Models of the Atom
Lesson 12 Atoms By Numbers: Atomic Number and Atomic Mass
Lesson 13 Subatomic Heavyweights: Isotopes
Lesson 14 Isotopia: Stable and Radioactive Isotopes
Activity Nuclear Quest
Lesson 15 Nuclear Quest: Nuclear Reactions
Lesson 16 Old Gold: Formation of Elements
Section III Summary
Project Nuclear Power
SECTION IV Moving Electrons
Lab Flame Tests
Lesson 17 Technicolor Atoms: Flame Tests
Lesson 18 Life on the Edge: Valence and Core Electrons
Lesson 19 Noble Gas Envy: Ions
Lesson 20 Getting Connected: Ionic Compounds
Activity Salty Eights
Lesson 21 Salty Eights: Formulas for Ionic Compounds
Lesson 22 Isn’t It Ionic?: Polyatomic Ions
Lesson 23 Alchemy of Paint: Transition Metal Chemistry
Lesson 24 Shell Game: Electron Confi gurations
Section IV Summary
SECTION V Building With Matter
Lab Classifying Substances
Lesson 25 You Light Up My Life: Classifying Substances
Lesson 26 Electron Glue: Bonding
Lab Electroplating Metals
Lesson 27 Electrons on the Move: Electroplating Metals
Section V Summary
UNIT 1 Review
UNIT 2 Smells: Molecular Structure and Properties
SECTION I Speaking of Molecules
Lesson 1 Sniffi ng Around: Molecular Formulas
Lesson 2 Molecules in Two Dimensions: Structural Formulas
Lesson 3 HONC if You Like Molecules: Bonding Tendencies
Activity Connect the Dots
Lesson 4 Connect the Dots: Lewis Dot Symbols
Lesson 5 Eight Is Enough: Octet Rule
Lesson 6 Where’s the Fun?: Functional Groups
Lab Ester Synthesis
Lesson 7 Create a Smell: Ester Synthesis
Lesson 8 Making Scents: Analyzing Ester Synthesis
Section I Summary
Project Functional Groups
SECTION II Building Molecules
Lesson 9 New Smells, New Ideas: Ball-and-Stick Models
Activity Two’s Company
Lesson 10 Two’s Company: Electron Domains
Lesson 11 Let’s Build It: Molecular Shape
Lesson 12 What Shape Is That Smell?: Space-Filling Models
Lesson 13 Sorting It Out: Shape and Smell
Lesson 14 How Does the Nose Know?: Receptor Site Theory
Section II Summary
Project Other Smell Classifi cations
SECTION III Molecules in Action
Lab Attractions Between Molecules
Lesson 15 Attractive Molecules: Attractions Between Molecules
Lesson 16 Polar Bears and Penguins: Electronegativity and Polarity
Lesson 17 Thinking (Electro)Negatively: Electronegativity Scale
Lesson 18 I Can Relate: Polar Molecules and Smell
Lesson 19 Sniffi ng It Out: Phase, Size, Polarity, and Smell
Section III Summary
Project Sense of Smell Study
SECTION IV Molecules in the Body
Lesson 20 Mirror, Mirror: Mirror-Image Isomers
Lesson 21 Protein Origami: Amino Acids and Proteins
Section IV Summary
Project Modeling a Receptor Site
UNIT 2 Review
UNIT 3 Weather: Phase Changes and Behavior of Gases
SECTION I Physically Changing Matter
Lesson 1 Weather or Not: Weather Science
Lesson 2 Raindrops Keep Falling: Measuring Liquids
Lesson 3 Having a Meltdown: Density of Liquids and Solids
Lab Thermometers
Lesson 4 Hot Enough: Thermometers
Lesson 5 Absolute Zero: Kelvin Scale
Lesson 6 Sorry, Charlie: Charles’s Law
Activity Density, Temperature, and Fronts
Lesson 7 Front and Center: Density, Temperature, and Fronts
Section I Summary 2
Project Different Thermometers
SECTION II Pressing Matter
Lesson 8 It’s Sublime: Gas Density
Lesson 9 Air Force: Air Pressure
Lab Boyle’s Law
Lesson 10 Feeling Under Pressure: Boyle’s Law
Lesson 11 Egg in a Bottle: Gay-Lussac’s Law
Lesson 12 Be the Molecule: Molecular View of Pressure
Lesson 13 What Goes Up: Combined Gas Law
Lab High and Low Air Pressure 316
Lesson 14 Cloud in a Bottle: High and Low Air Pressure
Section II Summary
Project High and Low Pressure
SECTION III Concentrating Matter
Lesson 15 n Is for Number: Pressure and Number Density
Lesson 16 STP: The Mole and Avogadro’s Law
Lesson 17 Take a Breath: Ideal Gas Law
Lesson 18 Feeling Humid: Humidity, Condensation
Lesson 19 Hurricane!: Extreme Physical Change
Section III Summary
Project Global Climate Change
UNIT 3 Review
UNIT 4 Toxins: Stoichiometry, Solution Chemistry, and Acids and Bases
SECTION I Toxic Changes
Lesson 1 Toxic Reactions: Chemical Equations
Lesson 2 Making Predictions: Observing Change
Lesson 3 Spare Change: Physical Versus Chemical Change
Lesson 4 Some Things Never Change: Conservation of Mass
Lesson 5 Atom Inventory: Balancing Chemical Equations
Lesson 6 What’s Your Reaction?: Types of Reactions
Section I Summary
Project Toxins in the Environment
SECTION II Measuring Toxins
Lesson 7 Lethal Dose: Toxicity
Activity Counting by Weighing
Lesson 8 Make It Count: Counting by Weighing
Lesson 9 Billions and Billions: Avogadro’s Number
Lesson 10 What’s in a Mole?: Molar Mass
Lesson 11 Mountains Into Molehills: Mass-Mole Conversions
Lesson 12 How Sweet It Is: Comparing Amounts
Section II Summary
Project Lethal Dose of a Toxic Substance
SECTION III Toxins in Solution
Lab Solution Concentration
Lesson 13 Bearly Alive: Solution Concentration
Lesson 14 Drop In: Molecular Views
Lesson 15 Holey Moley: Preparing Solutions
Lesson 16 Is It Toxic?: Mystery Solutions
Section III Summary
Project Types of Bonding
SECTION IV Acidic Toxins
Lab Acids and Bases
Lesson 17 Heartburn: Acids and Bases
Lesson 18 Pass the Proton: Acid-Base Theories
Lesson 19 pHooey!:
Lesson 20 Watered Down: Dilution
Lab Neutralization Reactions
Lesson 21 Neutral Territory: Neutralization Reactions
Lesson 22 Drip Drop: Titration
Section IV Summary
Project Dissolving Toxins
SECTION V Toxic Cleanup
Lesson 23 Solid Evidence: Precipitation Reactions
Lab Mole Ratios
Lesson 24 Mole to Mole: Mole Ratios
Lesson 25 Mole Tunnel: Stoichiometry
Lesson 26 Get the Lead Out: Limiting Reactant and Percent Yield
Section V Summary
Project Removing Toxins
UNIT 4 Review
UNIT 5 Fire: Energy, Thermodynamics, and Oxidation-Reduction
SECTION I Observing Energy
Lesson 1 Fired Up!: Energy Changes
Lesson 2 Not So Hot: Exothermic and Endothermic
Lesson 3 Point of View: First and Second Laws
Lab Heat Transfer
Lesson 4 Heat Versus Temperature: Heat Transfer
Lesson 5 The Heat Is On: Specifi c Heat Capacity
Lesson 6 Where’s the Heat?: Heat and Phase Changes
Section I Summary
Project Uses of Fire
SECTION II Measuring Energy
Lesson 7 You’re Fired!: Combustion
Lab Calorimetry
Lesson 8 Now We’re Cooking: Calorimetry
Lesson 9 Counting Calories: Calorimetry Calculations
Lesson 10 Fuelish Choices: Heat of Combustion
Section II Summary
SECTION III Understanding Energy
Activity Make It or Break It
Lesson 11 Make It or Break It: Bond Energy
Lesson 12 Over the Hill: Reversing Reactions
Lesson 13 Speed Things Up: Rate of Reaction
Lesson 14 Make It Work: Work
Section III Summary
Project Uses of Fire
SECTION IV Controlling Energy
Lesson 15 Metal Magic: Oxidation
Lesson 16 Pumping Iron: Heat of Formation
Lesson 17 Electron Cravings: Oxidation-Reduction
Lesson 18 The Active Life: Activity of Metals
Lab Electrochemical Cell
Lesson 19 Current Events: Electrochemical Cell
Section IV Summary
Project Alternative Energy
UNIT 5 Review
UNIT 6 Showtime: Reversible Reactions and Chemical Equilibrium
SECTION I Chemical Equilibrium
Lesson 1 How Awesome: Chemical Demonstrations
Lab Reversible Reactions
Lesson 2 How Backward: Reversible Reactions
Lesson 3 How Dynamic: Dynamic Equilibrium
Lesson 4 How Favorable: Equilibrium Constant K
Lesson 5 How Balanced: Equilibrium Calculations
Section I Summary
Project Chemistry and Magic
SECTION II Changing Conditions at Equilibrium
Lesson 6 How Pushy: Le Châtelier’s Principle
Lab Applying Le Châtelier’s Principle
Lesson 7 How Colorful: Applying Le Châtelier’s Principle
Section II Summary
Project It’s Showtime!
UNIT 6 Review
Angelica M. Stacy
Angelica M. Stacy is a Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. At Berkeley, she teaches introductory chemistry and does research in materials chemistry and chemistry education. She has received numerous awards and honors for her teaching and held the President’s Chair for Teaching at the University of California from 1993 to 1996. In 2005, the National Science Foundation named Dr. Stacy a Distinguished Teacher Scholar. As a part of her work to help more students succeed in science and gain a better understanding of the principles of chemistry, she has participated as a member of the Physical Sciences Design team that helped develop the Next Generation Science Standards. She has also participated on various AP® chemistry course committees as part of the College Board’s efforts to redesign the AP® chemistry course and exam. Dr. Stacy has worked for many years in designing and refining the Living by Chemistry curriculum. She developed this curriculum to support students as they learn chemistry by offering them engaging challenges that relate to the world around them.
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