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America's History, Concise Edition, Combined by Rebecca Edwards; Eric Hinderaker; Robert O. Self; James A. Henretta - Tenth Edition, 2021 from Macmillan Student Store
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America's History, Concise Edition, Combined

Tenth  Edition|©2021  Rebecca Edwards; Eric Hinderaker; Robert O. Self; James A. Henretta

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About

America's History, Tenth Edition explains both what happened and why with a full suite of study tools to help you succeed

Aimed at helping students understand the big developments of history, America's History includes a host of tools to help you sort out what's most important, including visual timelines, marginal glossary, review questions, and more. A lively narrative and special boxed features with firsthand accounts of the period bring this dynamic history to life.

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Contents

Table of Contents

Volume 1 includes Chapters 1-14. 

Volume 2 includes Chapters 14-30.

PART 1 Transformations of North America, 1491–1700

CHAPTER 1 Colliding Worlds, 1491–1600 

Why did contact among Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans cause such momentous changes?

The Native American Experience 

The First Americans 

American Empires 

Chiefdoms and Confederacies 

Patterns of Trade 

Sacred Power 

Western Europe: The Edge of the Old World 

Hierarchy and Authority

Peasant Society 

Expanding Trade Networks 

Myths, Religions, and Holy Warriors 

West and Central Africa: Origins of the Atlantic Slave Trade 

Empires, Kingdoms, and Ministates 

Trans-Saharan and Coastal Trade 

The Spirit World 

Exploration and Conquest 

Portuguese Expansion 

The African Slave Trade 

Sixteenth-Century Incursions 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 1 REVIEW 

America in the World  Altered Landscapes 

Thinking Like a Historian Colliding Cultures 

CHAPTER 2 American Experiments, 1521–1700 

Why did the American colonies develop the social, political, and economic institutions they did, and why were some colonial experiments more successful than others?

Spain’s Tribute Colonies 

A New American World 

The Columbian Exchange 

The Protestant Challenge to Spain 

Plantation Colonies 

Brazil’s Sugar Plantations 

England’s Chesapeake Colonies 

The Laboratory of the Caribbean 

Plantation Life 

Neo-European Colonies 

New France 

New Netherland 

The Rise of the Iroquois 

New England 

War and Rebellion in North America  

Metacom’s War, 1675-1676 

The Pueblo Revolt 

Bacon’s Rebellion 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Who Was Pocahontas? 

Comparing Interpretations What Role Did Climate and Ecology Play in American Colonization? 

PART 2 British North America and the Atlantic World, 1607–1763

CHAPTER 3 The British Atlantic World, 1607–1750 

Why and how did the South Atlantic System reshape the economy, society, and culture of British North America?

Colonies to Empire, 1607–1713 

Self-Governing Colonies and New Elites, 1607–1660 

The Restoration Colonies and Imperial Expansion 

From Mercantilism to Imperial Dominion 

The Glorious Revolution in England and America 

Imperial Wars and Native Peoples 

Tribalization 

Indian Goals 

The Imperial Slave Economy 

The South Atlantic System 

Africa, Africans, and the Slave Trade 

Slavery in the Chesapeake and South Carolina 

An African American Community Emerges 

The Rise of the Southern Gentry 

The Northern Maritime Economy 

The Urban Economy 

Urban Society 

The New Politics of Empire, 1713–1750 

The Rise of Colonial Assemblies 

Salutary Neglect 

Protecting the Mercantile System 

Mercantilism and the American Colonies 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 3 REVIEW 

America in the World Olaudah Equiano: The Brutal "Middle Passage"

Thinking Like a Historian Servitude and Slavery 

CHAPTER 4 Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720–1763

Why did transatlantic travel and communication reshape Britain’s American colonies so dramatically?

New England’s Freehold Society 

Farm Families: Women in the Household Economy 

Farm Property: Inheritance

Freehold Society in Crisis 

Diversity in the Middle Colonies 

Economic Growth, Opportunity, and Conflict 

Cultural Diversity

Religion and Politics 

Cultural Transformations  

Transportation and the Print Revolution 

The Enlightenment in America 

American Pietism and the Great Awakening 

Religious Upheaval in the North 

Social and Religious Conflict in the South 

The Midcentury Challenge: War, Trade, and Social Conflict, 1750–1763

The French and Indian War 

The Great War for Empire 

British Industrial Growth and the Consumer Revolution 

The Struggle for Land in the East 

Western Rebels and Regulators 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 4 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Women’s Labor 

America in the World Transatlantic Migration, 1500–1760 

PART 3 Revolution and Republican Culture, 1754–1800

CHAPTER 5 The Problem of Empire, 1754–1776

Why did the imperial crisis lead to war between Britain and the United States?

An Empire Transformed 

The Costs of Empire 

George Grenville and the Reform Impulse 

An Open Challenge: The Stamp Act 

The Dynamics of Rebellion, 1765–1770 

Formal Protests and the Politics of the Crowd 

The Ideological Roots of Resistance 

Another Kind of Freedom 

Parliament and Patriots Square Off Again 

The Problem of the West 

Parliament Wavers 

The Road to Independence, 1771–1776 

A Compromise Repudiated 

The Continental Congress Responds 

The Rising of the Countryside 

Loyalists and Neutrals 

Violence East and West 

Lord Dunmore’s War 

Armed Resistance in Massachusetts 

The Second Continental Congress Organizes for War 

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense 

Independence Declared 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 5 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Beyond the Proclamation Line

Comparing Interpretations Did British Administrators Try to Protect or Exploit Native Americans? 

CHAPTER 6 Making War and Republican Governments, 1776–1789

Why did the American independence movement succeed, and what changes did it initiate in American society and government? 

The Trials of War, 1776–1778 

War in the North 

Armies and Strategies 

Victory at Saratoga 

The Perils of War 

Financial Crisis 

Valley Forge 

The Path to Victory, 1778–1783 

The French Alliance 

War in the South 

The Patriot Advantage 

Diplomatic Triumph 

Creating Republican Institutions, 1776–1787 

The State Constitutions: How Much Democracy? 

Women Seek a Public Voice 

The War’s Losers: Loyalists, Native Americans, and Slaves 

The Articles of Confederation

Shays’s Rebellion 

The Constitution of 1787 

The Rise of a Nationalist Faction 

The Philadelphia Convention 

The People Debate Ratification 

SUMMARY

CHAPTER 6 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Black Soldier’s Dilemma 

Comparing Interpretations What did the Framers Intend When They Drafted The Constitution? 

CHAPTER 7 Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787–1820

Why did the United States survive the challenges of the first three decades to become a viable, growing, independent republic?

The Political Crisis of the 1790s 

The Federalists Implement the Constitution 

Hamilton’s Financial Program 

Jefferson’s Agrarian Vision 

The French Revolution Divides Americans 

The Rise of Political Parties 

A Republican Empire Is Born 

Sham Treaties and Indian Lands 

Migration and the Changing Farm Economy 

The Jefferson Presidency 

Jefferson and the West 

The War of 1812 and the Transformation of Politics 

Conflict in the Atlantic and the West 

The War of 1812 

The Federalist Legacy 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 7 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Social Life of Alcohol   

America in the World The Haitian Revolution and the Problem of Race 

PART 4 Overlapping Revolutions, 1800–1848

CHAPTER 8 Economic Transformations, 1800–1848

Why and how did the economic transformations of the first half of the nineteenth century reshape northern and southern society and culture?

Foundations of a New Economic Order 

Credit and Banking 

Transportation and the Market Revolution 

The Cotton Complex: Northern Industry and Southern Agriculture 

The American Industrial Revolution 

Origins of the Cotton South 

The Cotton Boom and Slavery 

Technological Innovation and Labor 

The Spread of Innovation 

Wageworkers and the Labor Movement 

The Growth of Cities and Towns 

New Social Classes and Cultures 

Inequality in the South  

The Northern Business Elite 

The Middle Class 

Urban Workers and the Poor 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 8 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Entrepreneur and the Community 

Comparing Interpretations Did the Market Revolution Expand Opportunities for Women? 

CHAPTER 9 A Democratic Revolution, 1800–1848

Why did Andrew Jackson’s election mark a turning point in American politics?

The Rise of Popular Politics 

The Decline of the Notables and the Rise of Parties 

Racial Exclusion and Republican Motherhood 

The Missouri Crisis, 1819–1821 

The Election of 1824 

The Last Notable President: John Quincy Adams 

"The Democracy" and the Election of 1828 

Jackson in Power, 1829–1837 

Jackson’s Agenda: Rotation and Decentralization 

The Tariff and Nullification 

The Bank War 

Indian Removal 

Jackson’s Impact 

Class, Culture, and the Second Party System 

The Whig Worldview 

Labor Politics and the Depression of 1837–1843 

"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too!" 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 9 REVIEW 

COMPARING INTERPRETATIONS Was Indian Removal Humanitarian or Racist? 

Thinking Like a Historian Becoming Literate: Public Education and Democracy 

CHAPTER 10 Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820–1848

Why did new intellectual, religious, and social movements emerge in the early nineteenth century, and how did they change American society?

Spiritual Awakenings 

The Second Great Awakening and Reform 

Transcendentalism 

Utopian Communities and New Religious Movements 

Urban Cultures and Conflicts 

Sex in the City 

Urban Entertainments 

Popular Fiction and the Penny Press 

African Americans and the Struggle for Freedom  

Free Black Communities, South and North 

The Rise of Abolitionism 

The Women’s Rights Movement 

Origins of the Women’s Rights Movement 

From Antislavery to Women’s Rights 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 10 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Dance and Social Identity in Antebellum America 

America in the World Women’s Rights in France and the United States, 1851 

CHAPTER 11 Imperial Ambitions, 1820–1848

Why did the ideology of Manifest Destiny unite Americans and shape United States politics?

The Expanding South 

Planters, Small Freeholders, and Poor Freemen 

The Settlement of Texas 

The Politics of Democracy 

The World of Enslaved African Americans  

Forging Families and Communities 

Working Lives  

Contesting the Boundaries of Slavery

Manifest Destiny, North and South 

The Push to the Pacific 

The Plains Indians 

The Fateful Election of 1844 

The U.S.-Mexico War, 1846–1848 

The Mexican North

Polk’s Expansionist Program 

American Military Successes 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 11 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Claiming the Oregon Country

America in the World Financing War 

PART 5 Consolidating a Continental Union, 1844–1877

CHAPTER 12 Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844–1861

Why did the new Republican Party arise, and what events led to Democratic division and southern secession?

Consequences of the U.S.-Mexico War, 1844–1850 

"Free Soil" in Politics 

California Gold and Racial Warfare 

1850: Crisis and Compromise 

An Emerging Political Crisis, 1850–1858 

The Abolitionist Movement Grows 

Pierce and Expansion 

Immigrants and Know-Nothings 

The West and the Fate of the Union 

Abraham Lincoln and the Republican Triumph, 1858–1860 

Lincoln’s Political Career 

The Union Under Siege 

The Election of 1860 

Secession Winter, 1860–1861 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 12 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations Did Slavery Have a Future in the West? 

Thinking Like a Historian The Irish in America 

CHAPTER 13 Bloody Ground: The Civil War, 1861–1865

Why and how did the Union win the Civil War? 

War Begins, 1861–1862 

Early Expectations 

Campaigns East and West 

Antietam and Its Consequences 

Toward "Hard War," 1863 

Politics North and South 

The Impact of Emancipation 

Citizens and the Work of War 

Vicksburg and Gettysburg 

The Road to Union Victory, 1864–1865 

Grant and Sherman Take Command 

The Election of 1864 and Sherman’s March 

The Confederacy Collapses 

The World the War Made 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 13 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations How Divided Was the Confederate Public? 

Thinking Like a Historian Military Deaths — and Lives Saved — During the Civil War 

CHAPTER 14 Reconstruction, 1865–1877

Why did freedpeople, Republican policymakers, and ex-Confederates all end up dissatisfied with Reconstruction or with its aftermath? To what degree did each group succeed in fulfilling its goals? 

The Struggle for National Reconstruction 

Presidential Approaches: From Lincoln to Johnson 

Congress Versus the President 

Radical Reconstruction 

Women’s Rights Denied 

The Meaning of Freedom 

The Quest for Land 

Republican Governments in the South 

Building Black Communities 

The Undoing of Reconstruction 

The Republicans Unravel 

Counterrevolution in the South 

Reconstruction Rolled Back 

The Political Crisis of 1877 

Lasting Legacies 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 14 REVIEW 

America in the World Labor Laws After Emancipation: Haiti and the United States 

Thinking Like a Historian The South’s "Lost Cause" 

CHAPTER 15 Conquering a Continent, 1860–1890

Why and how did the United States build a continental empire, and how did this affect people living in the West?  

The Republican Vision 

The New Union and the World 

Integrating the National Economy 

Incorporating the West 

Mining Empires 

From Bison to Cattle on the Plains 

Homesteaders 

The First National Park 

A Harvest of Blood: Native Peoples Dispossessed 

The Civil War and Indians on the Plains 

Grant’s Peace Policy 

The End of Armed Resistance 

Strategies of Survival 

Western Myths and Realities 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 15 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations How Rational Were the Great Railroad Empires? 

Thinking Like a Historian Representing Indians 

PART 6 Industrializing America: Upheavals and Experiments, 1877–1917

CHAPTER 16 Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877–1911

Why did large corporations emerge and thrive in late nineteenth century America and how did they reshape trade, work, and politics ?

The Rise of Big Business 

Innovators in Enterprise 

The Corporate Workplace 

On the Shop Floor 

Immigrants, East and West 

Newcomers from Europe 

Asian Americans and Exclusion 

Labor Gets Organized 

The Emergence of a Labor Movement 

The Knights of Labor 

Farmers and Workers: The Cooperative Alliance 

Another Path: The American Federation of Labor 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 16 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Poverty and Food 

America in the World Emigrants and Destinations, 1881–1915 

CHAPTER 17 Making Modern American Culture, 1880–1917

Why and how did Americans’ identities, beliefs, and culture change in the early industrial era?

Science and Faith 

Darwinism and Its Critics 

Religion: Diversity and Innovation 

Realism in the Arts 

Commerce and Culture 

Consumer Spaces 

Masculinity and the Rise of Sports 

The Great Outdoors 

Women, Men, and the Solitude of Self 

Changing Families 

Expanding Opportunities for Education 

Women’s Civic Activism  

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 17 REVIEW 

America in the World Christianity in the United States and Japan 

Thinking Like a Historian WCTU Women "Do Everything" 

CHAPTER 18 "Civilization’s Inferno": The Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880–1917

Why and how did the rise of big cities shape American society and politics?

The New Metropolis 

The Landscape of the Industrial City 

Newcomers and Neighborhoods 

City Cultures 

Governing the Great City 

Urban Political Machines 

The Limits of Machine Government 

Crucibles of Progressive Reform 

Fighting Dirt and Vice 

The Movement for Social Settlements 

Cities and National Politics 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 18 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Power and appeal of the Ward Boss 

Comparing Interpretations How Did Urban Progressive Reformers Approach Environmentalism? 

CHAPTER 19 Whose Government? Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880–1917

Why and how did Progressive Era reformers seek to address the problems of industrial America, and to what extent did they succeed?

Reform Visions, 1880–1892                 

Electoral Politics After Reconstruction 

The Populist Program 

The Political Earthquakes of the 1890s 

Depression and Reaction 

Democrats and the "Solid South" 

Republicans Retake National Control 

Reform Reshaped, 1901–1912 

Theodore Roosevelt as President 

Diverse Progressive Goals 

The Election of 1912 

Wilson’s Reforms, 1913–1917 

Economic Reforms 

Progressive Legacies 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 19 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Making Modern Presidents 

Comparing Interpretations Were the "Gilded Age" and "Progressive Era" Separate Periods? 

PART 7 Global Ambitions and Domestic Turmoil, 1890–1945 

CHAPTER 20 An Emerging World Power, 1890–1918

Why did the United States become a major power on the world stage by the 1910s, and what impact did this have at home and abroad? 

From Expansion to Imperialism 

Foundations of Empire 

The War of 1898 

Spoils of War 

A Power Among Powers 

The Open Door in Asia 

The United States and Latin America 

The United States in World War I 

From Neutrality to War 

"Over There" 

War on the Home Front 

Catastrophe at Versailles 

The Fate of Wilson’s Ideas 

Congress Rejects the Treaty 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 20 REVIEW 

America in the World The Human Cost of World War I 

Thinking Like a Historian German Americans in World War I 

CHAPTER 21 Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919–1932 

Why did cultural and political conflict erupt in the 1920s, and what factors lead to the Great Depression?

Resurgent Conservatism 

The Red Scare 

Racial Backlash 

American Business at Home and Abroad 

Government Businesses Entangled 

Making a Modern Consumer Economy 

Postwar Abundance 

Consumer Culture 

The Automobile and Suburbanization 

The Politics and Culture of a Diversifying Nation 

Women in a New Age

Culture Wars 

The Harlem Renaissance 

The Coming of the Great Depression 

From Boom to Bust 

The Depression’s Early Years

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 21 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Automobile Transforms America

Comparing Interpretations How Did Immigrants Experience America at the Turn of the Century? 

CHAPTER 22 Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929–1938 

What new roles did the American government take on during the New Deal, and how did these roles shape the economy and society?

Early Responses to the Depression, 1929–1932 

Enter Herbert Hoover 

Rising Discontent 

The 1932 Election 

The New Deal Arrives, 1933–1935 

Roosevelt and the First Hundred Days 

The New Deal Under Attack 

The Second New Deal and the Redefining of Liberalism, 1935–1938 

The Welfare State Comes into Being 

From Reform to Stalemate 

The New Deal and American Society 

A People’s Democracy 

Reshaping the Environment 

The New Deal and the Arts 

The Legacies of the New Deal 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 22 REVIEW 

America in the World Economic Nationalism in the United States and Mexico 

Thinking Like a Historian The New Deal and Public Works

CHAPTER 23 The World at War, 1937–1945

How did World War II transform the United States domestically and change its relationship with the world?

The Road to War 

The Rise of Fascism 

War Approaches 

The Attack on Pearl Harbor 

Organizing for a Global War 

Financing the War 

Mobilizing the American Fighting Force 

Workers and the War Effort 

Politics in Wartime 

Life on the Home Front 

"For the Duration" 

Migration and the Wartime City 

Japanese Removal 

Fighting and Winning the War 

Wartime Aims and Tensions 

The War in Europe 

The War in the Pacific 

The Atomic Bomb and the End of the War 

The Toll of the War 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 23 REVIEW 

America in the World The Scales of War: Losses and Gains During World War II 

Thinking Like a Historian Mobilizing the Home Front 

PART 8 The Modern State and the Age of Liberalism, 1945–1980 

CHAPTER 24 Cold War America, 1945–1963 

In the first two decades of the Cold War, how did competition on the international stage and a climate of fear at home affect politics, society, and culture in the United States?

Containment in a Divided Global Order 

Origins of the Cold War 

The Containment Strategy 

Containment in Asia 

Cold War Liberalism 

Truman and the End of Reform 

Red Scare: The Hunt for Communists 

The Politics of Cold War Liberalism 

Containment in the Postcolonial World 

The Cold War and Colonial Independence 

John F. Kennedy and the Cold War 

Making a Commitment in Vietnam 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 24 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations Why Was There a Cold War? 

Thinking Like a Historian The Global Cold War 

CHAPTER 25 Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945–1963 

Why did consumer culture become such a fixture of American life in the postwar decades, and how did it affect politics and society?

Postwar Prosperity and the Affluent Society 

Economy: From Recovery to Dominance  

A Nation of Consumers 

Youth Culture 

Religion and the Middle Class 

The American Family in the Era of Containment 

The Baby Boom 

Women, Work, and Family 

Challenging Middle-Class Morality 

A Suburban Nation 

The Postwar Housing Boom 

Rise of the Sunbelt 

Two Societies: Urban and Suburban 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 25 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Suburban Landscape of Cold War America 

America in the World Postwar Capitalism

CHAPTER 26 Walking into Freedom Land: The Civil Rights Movement, 1941–1973

How did the civil rights movement evolve over time, and how did competing ideas and political alliances affect its growth and that of other social movements?

The Emerging Civil Rights Struggle, 1941–1957 

Life Under Jim Crow 

Origins of the Civil Rights Movement 

World War II: The Beginnings 

Cold War Civil Rights 

Mexican Americans and Japanese Americans 

Fighting for Equality Before the Law 

Forging a Protest Movement, 1955–1965 

Nonviolent Direct Action 

Legislating Civil Rights, 1963–1965 

Beyond Civil Rights, 1966–1973 

Black Nationalism 

Urban Disorder 

Rise of the Chicano Movement 

The American Indian Movement 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 26 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations Was Martin Luther King Jr. a Radical or a Reformer? 

Thinking Like a Historian Civil Rights and Black Power: Strategy and Ideology 

CHAPTER 27 Uncivil Wars: Liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961–1972 

What were liberalism’s social and political achievements in the 1960s, and how did debates over liberal values contribute to conflict at home and reflect war abroad?

Liberalism at High Tide 

John F. Kennedy’s Promise 

Lyndon B. Johnson and the Great Society 

Rebirth of the Women’s Movement 

The Vietnam War Begins 

Escalation Under Johnson 

Public Opinion and the War 

The Student Movement 

Days of Rage, 1968–1972 

War Abroad, Tragedy at Home 

The Antiwar Movement and the 1968 Election 

The Nationalist Turn 

Women’s Liberation and Black and Chicana Feminism 

Stonewall and Gay Liberation 

Rise of the Silent Majority 

Nixon in Vietnam 

The Silent Majority Speaks Out 

The 1972 Election 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 27 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations What Are the Origins of 1960s Feminism? 

Thinking Like a Historian Debating the War in Vietnam 

CHAPTER 28 The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973–1980 

How did the legacy of social changes in the 1960s—such as civil rights, shifting gender roles and challenges to the family—continue to reverberate in the 1970s, lead to both new opportunities and political clashes? 

An Era of Limits

Energy Crisis 

Environmentalism 

Economic Transformation 

Urban Crisis and Suburban Revolt 

Politics in Flux, 1973–1980 

Watergate and the Fall of a President 

Jimmy Carter: The Outsider as President 

Reform and Reaction in the 1970s 

Civil Rights in a New Era 

The Women’s Movement and Gay Rights 

After the Warren Court 

The American Family on Trial 

Working Families in the Age of Deindustrialization 

Navigating the Sexual Revolution 

Religion in the 1970s: The New Evangelicalism 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 28 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Environmental Movement: Reimagining the Human-Earth Relationship 

America in the World Economic Malaise in the Seventies 

PART 9 Globalization and the End of the American Century, 1980 to the Present 

CHAPTER 29 Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980–1991

What factors made the rise of the New Right possible, and what ideas about freedom and citizenship did conservatives articulate in the 1980s?

The Rise of the New Right 

Barry Goldwater and Ronald Reagan: Champions of the Right 

Free-Market Economics and Religious Conservatism 

The Carter Presidency 

The Dawning of the Conservative Age 

The Reagan Coalition 

Conservatives in Power 

Morning in America 

The End of the Cold War 

U.S.-Soviet Relations in a New Era 

A New Political Order at Home and Abroad 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 29 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Personal Computing: A Technological Revolution 

Comparing Interpretations How Conservative Was the Reagan Presidency? 

CHAPTER 30 Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present 

How has the post-Cold War era of globalization affected American politics, economics, and society?

America in the Global Economy 

The Rise of the European Union and China 

A New Era of Globalization 

Revolutions in Technology 

Politics and Partisanship in a Contentious Era 

An Increasingly Plural Society 

Clashes over "Family Values" 

Bill Clinton and the New Democrats 

Post–Cold War Foreign Policy 

Into a New Century 

The Ascendance of George W. Bush 

Violence Abroad and Economic Collapse at Home 

Reform and Stalemate in the Obama Years 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 30 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Globalization: Its Proponents and Its Discontents 

America in the World Global Trade, 1960–2009 

Authors

Rebecca Edwards

Rebecca Edwards is Eloise Ellery Professor of History at Vassar College, where she teaches courses on nineteenth-century politics, the Civil War, the frontier West, and women, gender, and sexuality. She is the author of, among other publications, Angels in the Machinery: Gender in American Party Politics from the Civil War to the Progressive Era; New Spirits: Americans in the “Gilded Age,” 1865–1905; and the essay “Women’s and Gender History” in The New American History. She is currently working on a book about the role of childbearing in the expansion of America’s nineteenth-century empire.


Eric Hinderaker

Eric Hinderaker is Distinguished Professor of History at the University of Utah. His research explores early modern imperialism, relations between Europeans and Native Americans, military-civilian relations in the Atlantic world, and comparative colonization. His most recent book, Boston’s Massacre, was awarded the Cox Book Prize from the Society of the Cincinnati and was a finalist for the George Washington Prize. His other publications include Elusive Empires: Constructing Colonialism in the Ohio Valley, 1673–1800; The Two Hendricks: Unraveling a Mohawk Mystery, which won the Herbert H. Lehman Prize for Distinguished Scholarship in New York History from the New York Academy of History; and, with Peter C. Mancall, At the Edge of Empire: The Backcountry in British North America.


Robert O. Self

Robert O. Self is Mary Ann Lippitt Professor of American History at Brown University. His research focuses on urban history, American politics, and the post-1945 United States. He is the author of American Babylon: Race and the Struggle for Postwar Oakland, which won four professional prizes, including the James A. Rawley Prize from the Organization of American Historians, and All in the Family: The Realignment of American Democracy Since the 1960s. He is currently at work on a book about the centrality of houses, cars, and children to family consumption in the twentieth-century United States.


James A. Henretta

James A. Henretta is Professor Emeritus of American History at the University of Maryland, College Park, where he taught Early American History and Legal History. His publications include “Salutary Neglect”: Colonial Administration under the Duke of Newcastle; Evolution and Revolution: American Society, 1600-1820; and The Origins of American Capitalism. His most recent publication is a long article, “Magistrates, Lawyers, Legislators: The Three Legal Systems of Early America,” in The Cambridge History of American Law.


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Table of Contents

Volume 1 includes Chapters 1-14. 

Volume 2 includes Chapters 14-30.

PART 1 Transformations of North America, 1491–1700

CHAPTER 1 Colliding Worlds, 1491–1600 

Why did contact among Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans cause such momentous changes?

The Native American Experience 

The First Americans 

American Empires 

Chiefdoms and Confederacies 

Patterns of Trade 

Sacred Power 

Western Europe: The Edge of the Old World 

Hierarchy and Authority

Peasant Society 

Expanding Trade Networks 

Myths, Religions, and Holy Warriors 

West and Central Africa: Origins of the Atlantic Slave Trade 

Empires, Kingdoms, and Ministates 

Trans-Saharan and Coastal Trade 

The Spirit World 

Exploration and Conquest 

Portuguese Expansion 

The African Slave Trade 

Sixteenth-Century Incursions 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 1 REVIEW 

America in the World  Altered Landscapes 

Thinking Like a Historian Colliding Cultures 

CHAPTER 2 American Experiments, 1521–1700 

Why did the American colonies develop the social, political, and economic institutions they did, and why were some colonial experiments more successful than others?

Spain’s Tribute Colonies 

A New American World 

The Columbian Exchange 

The Protestant Challenge to Spain 

Plantation Colonies 

Brazil’s Sugar Plantations 

England’s Chesapeake Colonies 

The Laboratory of the Caribbean 

Plantation Life 

Neo-European Colonies 

New France 

New Netherland 

The Rise of the Iroquois 

New England 

War and Rebellion in North America  

Metacom’s War, 1675-1676 

The Pueblo Revolt 

Bacon’s Rebellion 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Who Was Pocahontas? 

Comparing Interpretations What Role Did Climate and Ecology Play in American Colonization? 

PART 2 British North America and the Atlantic World, 1607–1763

CHAPTER 3 The British Atlantic World, 1607–1750 

Why and how did the South Atlantic System reshape the economy, society, and culture of British North America?

Colonies to Empire, 1607–1713 

Self-Governing Colonies and New Elites, 1607–1660 

The Restoration Colonies and Imperial Expansion 

From Mercantilism to Imperial Dominion 

The Glorious Revolution in England and America 

Imperial Wars and Native Peoples 

Tribalization 

Indian Goals 

The Imperial Slave Economy 

The South Atlantic System 

Africa, Africans, and the Slave Trade 

Slavery in the Chesapeake and South Carolina 

An African American Community Emerges 

The Rise of the Southern Gentry 

The Northern Maritime Economy 

The Urban Economy 

Urban Society 

The New Politics of Empire, 1713–1750 

The Rise of Colonial Assemblies 

Salutary Neglect 

Protecting the Mercantile System 

Mercantilism and the American Colonies 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 3 REVIEW 

America in the World Olaudah Equiano: The Brutal "Middle Passage"

Thinking Like a Historian Servitude and Slavery 

CHAPTER 4 Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720–1763

Why did transatlantic travel and communication reshape Britain’s American colonies so dramatically?

New England’s Freehold Society 

Farm Families: Women in the Household Economy 

Farm Property: Inheritance

Freehold Society in Crisis 

Diversity in the Middle Colonies 

Economic Growth, Opportunity, and Conflict 

Cultural Diversity

Religion and Politics 

Cultural Transformations  

Transportation and the Print Revolution 

The Enlightenment in America 

American Pietism and the Great Awakening 

Religious Upheaval in the North 

Social and Religious Conflict in the South 

The Midcentury Challenge: War, Trade, and Social Conflict, 1750–1763

The French and Indian War 

The Great War for Empire 

British Industrial Growth and the Consumer Revolution 

The Struggle for Land in the East 

Western Rebels and Regulators 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 4 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Women’s Labor 

America in the World Transatlantic Migration, 1500–1760 

PART 3 Revolution and Republican Culture, 1754–1800

CHAPTER 5 The Problem of Empire, 1754–1776

Why did the imperial crisis lead to war between Britain and the United States?

An Empire Transformed 

The Costs of Empire 

George Grenville and the Reform Impulse 

An Open Challenge: The Stamp Act 

The Dynamics of Rebellion, 1765–1770 

Formal Protests and the Politics of the Crowd 

The Ideological Roots of Resistance 

Another Kind of Freedom 

Parliament and Patriots Square Off Again 

The Problem of the West 

Parliament Wavers 

The Road to Independence, 1771–1776 

A Compromise Repudiated 

The Continental Congress Responds 

The Rising of the Countryside 

Loyalists and Neutrals 

Violence East and West 

Lord Dunmore’s War 

Armed Resistance in Massachusetts 

The Second Continental Congress Organizes for War 

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense 

Independence Declared 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 5 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Beyond the Proclamation Line

Comparing Interpretations Did British Administrators Try to Protect or Exploit Native Americans? 

CHAPTER 6 Making War and Republican Governments, 1776–1789

Why did the American independence movement succeed, and what changes did it initiate in American society and government? 

The Trials of War, 1776–1778 

War in the North 

Armies and Strategies 

Victory at Saratoga 

The Perils of War 

Financial Crisis 

Valley Forge 

The Path to Victory, 1778–1783 

The French Alliance 

War in the South 

The Patriot Advantage 

Diplomatic Triumph 

Creating Republican Institutions, 1776–1787 

The State Constitutions: How Much Democracy? 

Women Seek a Public Voice 

The War’s Losers: Loyalists, Native Americans, and Slaves 

The Articles of Confederation

Shays’s Rebellion 

The Constitution of 1787 

The Rise of a Nationalist Faction 

The Philadelphia Convention 

The People Debate Ratification 

SUMMARY

CHAPTER 6 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Black Soldier’s Dilemma 

Comparing Interpretations What did the Framers Intend When They Drafted The Constitution? 

CHAPTER 7 Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787–1820

Why did the United States survive the challenges of the first three decades to become a viable, growing, independent republic?

The Political Crisis of the 1790s 

The Federalists Implement the Constitution 

Hamilton’s Financial Program 

Jefferson’s Agrarian Vision 

The French Revolution Divides Americans 

The Rise of Political Parties 

A Republican Empire Is Born 

Sham Treaties and Indian Lands 

Migration and the Changing Farm Economy 

The Jefferson Presidency 

Jefferson and the West 

The War of 1812 and the Transformation of Politics 

Conflict in the Atlantic and the West 

The War of 1812 

The Federalist Legacy 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 7 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Social Life of Alcohol   

America in the World The Haitian Revolution and the Problem of Race 

PART 4 Overlapping Revolutions, 1800–1848

CHAPTER 8 Economic Transformations, 1800–1848

Why and how did the economic transformations of the first half of the nineteenth century reshape northern and southern society and culture?

Foundations of a New Economic Order 

Credit and Banking 

Transportation and the Market Revolution 

The Cotton Complex: Northern Industry and Southern Agriculture 

The American Industrial Revolution 

Origins of the Cotton South 

The Cotton Boom and Slavery 

Technological Innovation and Labor 

The Spread of Innovation 

Wageworkers and the Labor Movement 

The Growth of Cities and Towns 

New Social Classes and Cultures 

Inequality in the South  

The Northern Business Elite 

The Middle Class 

Urban Workers and the Poor 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 8 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Entrepreneur and the Community 

Comparing Interpretations Did the Market Revolution Expand Opportunities for Women? 

CHAPTER 9 A Democratic Revolution, 1800–1848

Why did Andrew Jackson’s election mark a turning point in American politics?

The Rise of Popular Politics 

The Decline of the Notables and the Rise of Parties 

Racial Exclusion and Republican Motherhood 

The Missouri Crisis, 1819–1821 

The Election of 1824 

The Last Notable President: John Quincy Adams 

"The Democracy" and the Election of 1828 

Jackson in Power, 1829–1837 

Jackson’s Agenda: Rotation and Decentralization 

The Tariff and Nullification 

The Bank War 

Indian Removal 

Jackson’s Impact 

Class, Culture, and the Second Party System 

The Whig Worldview 

Labor Politics and the Depression of 1837–1843 

"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too!" 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 9 REVIEW 

COMPARING INTERPRETATIONS Was Indian Removal Humanitarian or Racist? 

Thinking Like a Historian Becoming Literate: Public Education and Democracy 

CHAPTER 10 Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820–1848

Why did new intellectual, religious, and social movements emerge in the early nineteenth century, and how did they change American society?

Spiritual Awakenings 

The Second Great Awakening and Reform 

Transcendentalism 

Utopian Communities and New Religious Movements 

Urban Cultures and Conflicts 

Sex in the City 

Urban Entertainments 

Popular Fiction and the Penny Press 

African Americans and the Struggle for Freedom  

Free Black Communities, South and North 

The Rise of Abolitionism 

The Women’s Rights Movement 

Origins of the Women’s Rights Movement 

From Antislavery to Women’s Rights 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 10 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Dance and Social Identity in Antebellum America 

America in the World Women’s Rights in France and the United States, 1851 

CHAPTER 11 Imperial Ambitions, 1820–1848

Why did the ideology of Manifest Destiny unite Americans and shape United States politics?

The Expanding South 

Planters, Small Freeholders, and Poor Freemen 

The Settlement of Texas 

The Politics of Democracy 

The World of Enslaved African Americans  

Forging Families and Communities 

Working Lives  

Contesting the Boundaries of Slavery

Manifest Destiny, North and South 

The Push to the Pacific 

The Plains Indians 

The Fateful Election of 1844 

The U.S.-Mexico War, 1846–1848 

The Mexican North

Polk’s Expansionist Program 

American Military Successes 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 11 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Claiming the Oregon Country

America in the World Financing War 

PART 5 Consolidating a Continental Union, 1844–1877

CHAPTER 12 Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844–1861

Why did the new Republican Party arise, and what events led to Democratic division and southern secession?

Consequences of the U.S.-Mexico War, 1844–1850 

"Free Soil" in Politics 

California Gold and Racial Warfare 

1850: Crisis and Compromise 

An Emerging Political Crisis, 1850–1858 

The Abolitionist Movement Grows 

Pierce and Expansion 

Immigrants and Know-Nothings 

The West and the Fate of the Union 

Abraham Lincoln and the Republican Triumph, 1858–1860 

Lincoln’s Political Career 

The Union Under Siege 

The Election of 1860 

Secession Winter, 1860–1861 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 12 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations Did Slavery Have a Future in the West? 

Thinking Like a Historian The Irish in America 

CHAPTER 13 Bloody Ground: The Civil War, 1861–1865

Why and how did the Union win the Civil War? 

War Begins, 1861–1862 

Early Expectations 

Campaigns East and West 

Antietam and Its Consequences 

Toward "Hard War," 1863 

Politics North and South 

The Impact of Emancipation 

Citizens and the Work of War 

Vicksburg and Gettysburg 

The Road to Union Victory, 1864–1865 

Grant and Sherman Take Command 

The Election of 1864 and Sherman’s March 

The Confederacy Collapses 

The World the War Made 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 13 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations How Divided Was the Confederate Public? 

Thinking Like a Historian Military Deaths — and Lives Saved — During the Civil War 

CHAPTER 14 Reconstruction, 1865–1877

Why did freedpeople, Republican policymakers, and ex-Confederates all end up dissatisfied with Reconstruction or with its aftermath? To what degree did each group succeed in fulfilling its goals? 

The Struggle for National Reconstruction 

Presidential Approaches: From Lincoln to Johnson 

Congress Versus the President 

Radical Reconstruction 

Women’s Rights Denied 

The Meaning of Freedom 

The Quest for Land 

Republican Governments in the South 

Building Black Communities 

The Undoing of Reconstruction 

The Republicans Unravel 

Counterrevolution in the South 

Reconstruction Rolled Back 

The Political Crisis of 1877 

Lasting Legacies 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 14 REVIEW 

America in the World Labor Laws After Emancipation: Haiti and the United States 

Thinking Like a Historian The South’s "Lost Cause" 

CHAPTER 15 Conquering a Continent, 1860–1890

Why and how did the United States build a continental empire, and how did this affect people living in the West?  

The Republican Vision 

The New Union and the World 

Integrating the National Economy 

Incorporating the West 

Mining Empires 

From Bison to Cattle on the Plains 

Homesteaders 

The First National Park 

A Harvest of Blood: Native Peoples Dispossessed 

The Civil War and Indians on the Plains 

Grant’s Peace Policy 

The End of Armed Resistance 

Strategies of Survival 

Western Myths and Realities 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 15 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations How Rational Were the Great Railroad Empires? 

Thinking Like a Historian Representing Indians 

PART 6 Industrializing America: Upheavals and Experiments, 1877–1917

CHAPTER 16 Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877–1911

Why did large corporations emerge and thrive in late nineteenth century America and how did they reshape trade, work, and politics ?

The Rise of Big Business 

Innovators in Enterprise 

The Corporate Workplace 

On the Shop Floor 

Immigrants, East and West 

Newcomers from Europe 

Asian Americans and Exclusion 

Labor Gets Organized 

The Emergence of a Labor Movement 

The Knights of Labor 

Farmers and Workers: The Cooperative Alliance 

Another Path: The American Federation of Labor 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 16 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Poverty and Food 

America in the World Emigrants and Destinations, 1881–1915 

CHAPTER 17 Making Modern American Culture, 1880–1917

Why and how did Americans’ identities, beliefs, and culture change in the early industrial era?

Science and Faith 

Darwinism and Its Critics 

Religion: Diversity and Innovation 

Realism in the Arts 

Commerce and Culture 

Consumer Spaces 

Masculinity and the Rise of Sports 

The Great Outdoors 

Women, Men, and the Solitude of Self 

Changing Families 

Expanding Opportunities for Education 

Women’s Civic Activism  

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 17 REVIEW 

America in the World Christianity in the United States and Japan 

Thinking Like a Historian WCTU Women "Do Everything" 

CHAPTER 18 "Civilization’s Inferno": The Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880–1917

Why and how did the rise of big cities shape American society and politics?

The New Metropolis 

The Landscape of the Industrial City 

Newcomers and Neighborhoods 

City Cultures 

Governing the Great City 

Urban Political Machines 

The Limits of Machine Government 

Crucibles of Progressive Reform 

Fighting Dirt and Vice 

The Movement for Social Settlements 

Cities and National Politics 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 18 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Power and appeal of the Ward Boss 

Comparing Interpretations How Did Urban Progressive Reformers Approach Environmentalism? 

CHAPTER 19 Whose Government? Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880–1917

Why and how did Progressive Era reformers seek to address the problems of industrial America, and to what extent did they succeed?

Reform Visions, 1880–1892                 

Electoral Politics After Reconstruction 

The Populist Program 

The Political Earthquakes of the 1890s 

Depression and Reaction 

Democrats and the "Solid South" 

Republicans Retake National Control 

Reform Reshaped, 1901–1912 

Theodore Roosevelt as President 

Diverse Progressive Goals 

The Election of 1912 

Wilson’s Reforms, 1913–1917 

Economic Reforms 

Progressive Legacies 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 19 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Making Modern Presidents 

Comparing Interpretations Were the "Gilded Age" and "Progressive Era" Separate Periods? 

PART 7 Global Ambitions and Domestic Turmoil, 1890–1945 

CHAPTER 20 An Emerging World Power, 1890–1918

Why did the United States become a major power on the world stage by the 1910s, and what impact did this have at home and abroad? 

From Expansion to Imperialism 

Foundations of Empire 

The War of 1898 

Spoils of War 

A Power Among Powers 

The Open Door in Asia 

The United States and Latin America 

The United States in World War I 

From Neutrality to War 

"Over There" 

War on the Home Front 

Catastrophe at Versailles 

The Fate of Wilson’s Ideas 

Congress Rejects the Treaty 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 20 REVIEW 

America in the World The Human Cost of World War I 

Thinking Like a Historian German Americans in World War I 

CHAPTER 21 Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919–1932 

Why did cultural and political conflict erupt in the 1920s, and what factors lead to the Great Depression?

Resurgent Conservatism 

The Red Scare 

Racial Backlash 

American Business at Home and Abroad 

Government Businesses Entangled 

Making a Modern Consumer Economy 

Postwar Abundance 

Consumer Culture 

The Automobile and Suburbanization 

The Politics and Culture of a Diversifying Nation 

Women in a New Age

Culture Wars 

The Harlem Renaissance 

The Coming of the Great Depression 

From Boom to Bust 

The Depression’s Early Years

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 21 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Automobile Transforms America

Comparing Interpretations How Did Immigrants Experience America at the Turn of the Century? 

CHAPTER 22 Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929–1938 

What new roles did the American government take on during the New Deal, and how did these roles shape the economy and society?

Early Responses to the Depression, 1929–1932 

Enter Herbert Hoover 

Rising Discontent 

The 1932 Election 

The New Deal Arrives, 1933–1935 

Roosevelt and the First Hundred Days 

The New Deal Under Attack 

The Second New Deal and the Redefining of Liberalism, 1935–1938 

The Welfare State Comes into Being 

From Reform to Stalemate 

The New Deal and American Society 

A People’s Democracy 

Reshaping the Environment 

The New Deal and the Arts 

The Legacies of the New Deal 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 22 REVIEW 

America in the World Economic Nationalism in the United States and Mexico 

Thinking Like a Historian The New Deal and Public Works

CHAPTER 23 The World at War, 1937–1945

How did World War II transform the United States domestically and change its relationship with the world?

The Road to War 

The Rise of Fascism 

War Approaches 

The Attack on Pearl Harbor 

Organizing for a Global War 

Financing the War 

Mobilizing the American Fighting Force 

Workers and the War Effort 

Politics in Wartime 

Life on the Home Front 

"For the Duration" 

Migration and the Wartime City 

Japanese Removal 

Fighting and Winning the War 

Wartime Aims and Tensions 

The War in Europe 

The War in the Pacific 

The Atomic Bomb and the End of the War 

The Toll of the War 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 23 REVIEW 

America in the World The Scales of War: Losses and Gains During World War II 

Thinking Like a Historian Mobilizing the Home Front 

PART 8 The Modern State and the Age of Liberalism, 1945–1980 

CHAPTER 24 Cold War America, 1945–1963 

In the first two decades of the Cold War, how did competition on the international stage and a climate of fear at home affect politics, society, and culture in the United States?

Containment in a Divided Global Order 

Origins of the Cold War 

The Containment Strategy 

Containment in Asia 

Cold War Liberalism 

Truman and the End of Reform 

Red Scare: The Hunt for Communists 

The Politics of Cold War Liberalism 

Containment in the Postcolonial World 

The Cold War and Colonial Independence 

John F. Kennedy and the Cold War 

Making a Commitment in Vietnam 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 24 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations Why Was There a Cold War? 

Thinking Like a Historian The Global Cold War 

CHAPTER 25 Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945–1963 

Why did consumer culture become such a fixture of American life in the postwar decades, and how did it affect politics and society?

Postwar Prosperity and the Affluent Society 

Economy: From Recovery to Dominance  

A Nation of Consumers 

Youth Culture 

Religion and the Middle Class 

The American Family in the Era of Containment 

The Baby Boom 

Women, Work, and Family 

Challenging Middle-Class Morality 

A Suburban Nation 

The Postwar Housing Boom 

Rise of the Sunbelt 

Two Societies: Urban and Suburban 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 25 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Suburban Landscape of Cold War America 

America in the World Postwar Capitalism

CHAPTER 26 Walking into Freedom Land: The Civil Rights Movement, 1941–1973

How did the civil rights movement evolve over time, and how did competing ideas and political alliances affect its growth and that of other social movements?

The Emerging Civil Rights Struggle, 1941–1957 

Life Under Jim Crow 

Origins of the Civil Rights Movement 

World War II: The Beginnings 

Cold War Civil Rights 

Mexican Americans and Japanese Americans 

Fighting for Equality Before the Law 

Forging a Protest Movement, 1955–1965 

Nonviolent Direct Action 

Legislating Civil Rights, 1963–1965 

Beyond Civil Rights, 1966–1973 

Black Nationalism 

Urban Disorder 

Rise of the Chicano Movement 

The American Indian Movement 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 26 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations Was Martin Luther King Jr. a Radical or a Reformer? 

Thinking Like a Historian Civil Rights and Black Power: Strategy and Ideology 

CHAPTER 27 Uncivil Wars: Liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961–1972 

What were liberalism’s social and political achievements in the 1960s, and how did debates over liberal values contribute to conflict at home and reflect war abroad?

Liberalism at High Tide 

John F. Kennedy’s Promise 

Lyndon B. Johnson and the Great Society 

Rebirth of the Women’s Movement 

The Vietnam War Begins 

Escalation Under Johnson 

Public Opinion and the War 

The Student Movement 

Days of Rage, 1968–1972 

War Abroad, Tragedy at Home 

The Antiwar Movement and the 1968 Election 

The Nationalist Turn 

Women’s Liberation and Black and Chicana Feminism 

Stonewall and Gay Liberation 

Rise of the Silent Majority 

Nixon in Vietnam 

The Silent Majority Speaks Out 

The 1972 Election 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 27 REVIEW 

Comparing Interpretations What Are the Origins of 1960s Feminism? 

Thinking Like a Historian Debating the War in Vietnam 

CHAPTER 28 The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973–1980 

How did the legacy of social changes in the 1960s—such as civil rights, shifting gender roles and challenges to the family—continue to reverberate in the 1970s, lead to both new opportunities and political clashes? 

An Era of Limits

Energy Crisis 

Environmentalism 

Economic Transformation 

Urban Crisis and Suburban Revolt 

Politics in Flux, 1973–1980 

Watergate and the Fall of a President 

Jimmy Carter: The Outsider as President 

Reform and Reaction in the 1970s 

Civil Rights in a New Era 

The Women’s Movement and Gay Rights 

After the Warren Court 

The American Family on Trial 

Working Families in the Age of Deindustrialization 

Navigating the Sexual Revolution 

Religion in the 1970s: The New Evangelicalism 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 28 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian The Environmental Movement: Reimagining the Human-Earth Relationship 

America in the World Economic Malaise in the Seventies 

PART 9 Globalization and the End of the American Century, 1980 to the Present 

CHAPTER 29 Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980–1991

What factors made the rise of the New Right possible, and what ideas about freedom and citizenship did conservatives articulate in the 1980s?

The Rise of the New Right 

Barry Goldwater and Ronald Reagan: Champions of the Right 

Free-Market Economics and Religious Conservatism 

The Carter Presidency 

The Dawning of the Conservative Age 

The Reagan Coalition 

Conservatives in Power 

Morning in America 

The End of the Cold War 

U.S.-Soviet Relations in a New Era 

A New Political Order at Home and Abroad 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 29 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Personal Computing: A Technological Revolution 

Comparing Interpretations How Conservative Was the Reagan Presidency? 

CHAPTER 30 Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present 

How has the post-Cold War era of globalization affected American politics, economics, and society?

America in the Global Economy 

The Rise of the European Union and China 

A New Era of Globalization 

Revolutions in Technology 

Politics and Partisanship in a Contentious Era 

An Increasingly Plural Society 

Clashes over "Family Values" 

Bill Clinton and the New Democrats 

Post–Cold War Foreign Policy 

Into a New Century 

The Ascendance of George W. Bush 

Violence Abroad and Economic Collapse at Home 

Reform and Stalemate in the Obama Years 

SUMMARY 

CHAPTER 30 REVIEW 

Thinking Like a Historian Globalization: Its Proponents and Its Discontents 

America in the World Global Trade, 1960–2009 

Rebecca Edwards

Rebecca Edwards is Eloise Ellery Professor of History at Vassar College, where she teaches courses on nineteenth-century politics, the Civil War, the frontier West, and women, gender, and sexuality. She is the author of, among other publications, Angels in the Machinery: Gender in American Party Politics from the Civil War to the Progressive Era; New Spirits: Americans in the “Gilded Age,” 1865–1905; and the essay “Women’s and Gender History” in The New American History. She is currently working on a book about the role of childbearing in the expansion of America’s nineteenth-century empire.


Eric Hinderaker

Eric Hinderaker is Distinguished Professor of History at the University of Utah. His research explores early modern imperialism, relations between Europeans and Native Americans, military-civilian relations in the Atlantic world, and comparative colonization. His most recent book, Boston’s Massacre, was awarded the Cox Book Prize from the Society of the Cincinnati and was a finalist for the George Washington Prize. His other publications include Elusive Empires: Constructing Colonialism in the Ohio Valley, 1673–1800; The Two Hendricks: Unraveling a Mohawk Mystery, which won the Herbert H. Lehman Prize for Distinguished Scholarship in New York History from the New York Academy of History; and, with Peter C. Mancall, At the Edge of Empire: The Backcountry in British North America.


Robert O. Self

Robert O. Self is Mary Ann Lippitt Professor of American History at Brown University. His research focuses on urban history, American politics, and the post-1945 United States. He is the author of American Babylon: Race and the Struggle for Postwar Oakland, which won four professional prizes, including the James A. Rawley Prize from the Organization of American Historians, and All in the Family: The Realignment of American Democracy Since the 1960s. He is currently at work on a book about the centrality of houses, cars, and children to family consumption in the twentieth-century United States.


James A. Henretta

James A. Henretta is Professor Emeritus of American History at the University of Maryland, College Park, where he taught Early American History and Legal History. His publications include “Salutary Neglect”: Colonial Administration under the Duke of Newcastle; Evolution and Revolution: American Society, 1600-1820; and The Origins of American Capitalism. His most recent publication is a long article, “Magistrates, Lawyers, Legislators: The Three Legal Systems of Early America,” in The Cambridge History of American Law.


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